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The Department of the Interior’s Office of the Inspector General revealed that the department’s cloud environment was successfully breached using a tool that is available online.

Stop lateral movement in its track with zero trust access.

For International Women’s Day (IWD), we asked six women entrepreneurs to tell us how women’s leadership and creativity in the climate innovation space helps us build resilient ecosystems for a digital and low-carbon economy.

CISA has added two new vulnerabilities to its Known Exploited Vulnerabilities Catalog, based on evidence of active exploitation. CVE-2023-21237 Android Pixel Information Disclosure Vulnerability CVE-2021-36380 Sunhillo SureLine OS Command Injection Vulnerablity These types of vulnerabilities are frequent attack vectors for malicious cyber actors and pose significant risks to the federal enterprise. Binding Operational Directive (BOD) 22-01: Reducing the Significant Risk of Known Exploited Vulnerabilities established the Known Exploited Vulnerabilities Catalog as a living list of known Common Vulnerabilities and Exposures (CVEs) that carry significant risk to the federal enterprise. BOD 22-01 requires Federal Civilian Executive Branch (FCEB) agencies to remediate identified vulnerabilities by the due date to protect FCEB networks against active threats. See the BOD 22-01 Fact Sheet for more information. Although BOD 22-01 only applies to FCEB agencies, CISA strongly urges all organizations to reduce their exposure to cyberattacks by prioritizing timely remediation of Catalog vulnerabilities as part of their vulnerability management practice. CISA will continue to add vulnerabilities to the catalog that meet the specified criteria.

CISA released three Industrial Control Systems (ICS) advisories on March 5, 2024. These advisories provide timely information about current security issues, vulnerabilities, and exploits surrounding ICS. ICSA-24-065-01 Nice Linear eMerge E3-Series ICSMA-24-065-01 Santesoft Sante FFT Imaging ICSA-24-016-02 Integration Objects OPC UA Server Toolkit (Update A) CISA encourages users and administrators to review the newly released ICS advisories for technical details and mitigations.

View CSAF 1. EXECUTIVE SUMMARY CVSS v3 10.0 ATTENTION: Exploitable remotely/low attack complexity/public exploits are available Vendor: Nice Equipment: Linear eMerge E3-Series Vulnerabilities: Path traversal, Cross-site scripting, OS command injection, Unrestricted Upload of File with Dangerous Type, Incorrect Authorization, Exposure of Sensitive Information to an Authorized Actor, Insufficiently Protected Credentials, Use of Hard-coded Credentials, Cross-site Request Forgery, Out-of-bounds Write 2. RISK EVALUATION Successful exploitation of these vulnerabilities could allow a remote attacker to gain full system access. 3. TECHNICAL DETAILS 3.1 AFFECTED PRODUCTS The following versions of Nice Linear eMerge E3-Series are affected: Linear eMerge E3-Series: versions 1.00-06 and prior 3.2 Vulnerability Overview 3.2.1 IMPROPER LIMITATION OF A PATHNAME TO A RESTRICTED DIRECTORY (‘PATH TRAVERSAL') CWE-22 Nice Linear eMerge E3-Series versions 1.00-06 and prior are vulnerable to path traversal. This could allow an attacker to gain unauthorized access to the system and sensitive data. CVE-2019-7253 has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3 base score of 9.8 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is ( AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H). 3.2.2 IMPROPER LIMITATION OF A PATHNAME TO A RESTRICTED DIRECTORY (‘PATH TRAVERSAL') CWE-22 Versions of Nice Linear eMerge E3-Series firmware 1.00-06 and prior are vulnerable to a file inclusion through path traversal, which could give the attacker access to sensitive information. CVE-2019-7254 has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3 base score of 7.5 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is ( AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N). 3.2.3 IMPROPER NEUTRALIZATION OF INPUT DURING WEB PAGE GENERATION (‘CROSS-SITE SCRIPTING') CWE-79 Nice Linear eMerge E3-Series versions 1.00-06 and prior are vulnerable to cross-site scripting, which could allow an attacker to obtain and alter some information on the system. CVE-2019-7255 has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3 base score of 6.1 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is ( AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:C/C:L/I:L/A:N). 3.2.4 IMPROPER NEUTRALIZATION OF SPECIAL ELEMENTS USED IN AN OS COMMAND (‘OS COMMAND INJECTION') CWE-78 Nice Linear eMerge E3-Series versions 1.00-06 and prior are vulnerable to OS command injection, which could allow an attacker to cause remote code execution. CVE-2019-7256 has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3 base score of 10.0 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is ( AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H). 3.2.5 UNRESTRICTED UPLOAD OF FILE WITH DANGEROUS TYPE CWE-434 Nice Linear eMerge E3-Series versions 1.00-06 and prior are vulnerable to unrestricted upload of malicious files, which could allow an attacker to execute arbitrary code. CVE-2019-7257 has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3 base score of 10.0 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is ( AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H). 3.2.6 INCORRECT AUTHORIZATION CWE-863 Nice Linear eMerge E3-Series versions 1.00-06 and prior suffer from an authorization mechanism vulnerability. This could allow an attacker to escalate privileges and gain full control of the system. CVE-2019-7258 has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3 base score of 8.8 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is ( AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H). 3.2.7 EXPOSURE OF SENSITIVE INFORMATION TO AN UNAUTHORIZED ACTOR CWE-200 An authorization bypass occurs in Nice Linear eMerge E3-Series versions 1.00-06 and prior when an authenticated attacker visits a specific GET request against the target, resulting in disclosure of administrative credentials in clear-text. This allows the attacker to re-login with admin privileges and have full access to the control interface. CVE-2019-7259 has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3 base score of 8.8 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is ( AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H). 3.2.8 INSUFFICIENTLY PROTECTED CREDENTIALS CWE-522 The application of Nice Linear eMerge E3-Series versions 1.00-06 and prior stores passwords in clear-text in its DBMS system. Storing a password in plaintext may result in a system compromise. CVE-2019-7260 has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3 base score of 9.8 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is ( AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H). 3.2.9 USE OF HARD-CODED CREDENTIALS CWE-798 Hard-coded credentials are present in multiple binaries bundled in the Nice Linear eMerge E3-Series versions 1.00-06 and prior firmware OS. These hard-coded credentials typically create a significant hole that could allow an attacker to bypass the authentication configured by the software administrator. CVE-2019-7261 has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3 base score of 9.8 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is ( AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H). 3.2.10 USE OF HARD-CODED CREDENTIALS CWE-798 The Nice Linear eMerge E3-Series versions 1.00-06 and prior access control platform has SSH enabled with hardcoded credentials for the root account. This could allow an unauthenticated attacker to initiate a secure connection with highest privileges (root) and gain full system access. CVE-2019-7265 has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3 base score of 9.8 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is ( AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H). 3.2.11 CROSS-SITE REQUEST FORGERY (CSRF) CWE-352 The application of Nice Linear eMerge E3-Series versions 1.00-06 and prior allows users to perform certain actions via HTTP requests without performing any validity checks to verify the requests. An attacker could exploit this to perform certain actions with administrative privileges if a logged-in user visits a malicious web site. CVE-2019-7262 has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3 base score of 8.8 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is ( AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H). 3.2.12 OUT-OF-BOUNDS WRITE CWE-787 A stack-based buffer overflow exists, affecting several CGI binaries of Nice Linear eMerge E3-Series versions 1.00-06 and prior. The vulnerability is caused due to a boundary error in the processing of a user input, which an attacker could exploit to cause a buffer overflow. Successful exploitation could allow execution of arbitrary code on the affected device. CVE-2019-7264 has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3 base score of 9.8 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is ( AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H). 3.3 BACKGROUND CRITICAL INFRASTRUCTURE SECTORS: Commercial Facilities COUNTRIES/AREAS DEPLOYED: Worldwide COMPANY HEADQUARTERS LOCATION: Italy 3.4 RESEARCHER Gjoko Krstic from Zero Science Lab reported these vulnerabilities to CISA. 4. MITIGATIONS Nice/Nortek encourages users to upgrade to the latest firmware to mitigate the risk of these vulnerabilities. Please see Nice's E3-Bulletin for more information. Nice also recommends the following defensive measures to minimize the risk of exploitation of these vulnerabilities: Minimize network exposure of devices, ensuring they are not accessible from the internet. Place the devices behind firewalls and isolate them from other networks. When remote access is required, use secure methods, such as Virtual Private Networks (VPNs). Keep your VPNs as updated as possible. Change default credentials on the device. Change the default IP address of the device. See Nice's Telephone Entry Bulletin for additional information. Users should contact Nice with any questions. CISA reminds organizations to perform proper impact analysis and risk assessment prior to deploying defensive measures. CISA also provides a section for control systems security recommended practices on the ICS webpage on cisa.gov/ics. Several CISA products detailing cyber defense best practices are available for reading and download, including Improving Industrial Control Systems Cybersecurity with Defense-in-Depth Strategies. CISA encourages organizations to implement recommended cybersecurity strategies for proactive defense of ICS assets. Additional mitigation guidance and recommended practices are publicly available on the ICS webpage at cisa.gov/ics in the technical information paper, ICS-TIP-12-146-01B--Targeted Cyber Intrusion Detection and Mitigation Strategies. Organizations observing suspected malicious activity should follow established internal procedures and report findings to CISA for tracking and correlation against other incidents. 5. UPDATE HISTORY March 5, 2024: Initial Publication

View CSAF 1. EXECUTIVE SUMMARY CVSS v3 7.8 ATTENTION: Low attack complexity Vendor: Santesoft Equipment: Sante FFT Imaging Vulnerability: Out-of-Bounds Write 2. RISK EVALUATION Successful exploitation of this vulnerability could allow a local attacker to execute arbitrary code once a user opens a malicious DCM file on affected FFT Imaging installations. 3. TECHNICAL DETAILS 3.1 AFFECTED PRODUCTS The following Santesoft products are affected: Sante FFT Imaging: Versions 1.4.1 and prior 3.2 Vulnerability Overview 3.2.1 OUT-OF-BOUNDS WRITE CWE-787 On Santesoft Sante FFT Imaging versions 1.4.1 and prior once a user opens a malicious DCM file on affected FFT Imaging installations, a local attacker could perform an out-of-bounds write, which could allow for arbitrary code execution. CVE-2024-1696 has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3.1 base score of 7.8 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is ( AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H). 3.3 BACKGROUND CRITICAL INFRASTRUCTURE SECTORS: Healthcare and Public Health COUNTRIES/AREAS DEPLOYED: Worldwide COMPANY HEADQUARTERS LOCATION: Cyprus 3.4 RESEARCHER Michael Heinzl reported this vulnerability to CISA. 4. MITIGATIONS Santesoft released an updated version of their product and recommends users update Sante FFT Imaging to v1.4.2 or later. CISA recommends users take the following measures to protect themselves from social engineering attacks: Do not click web links or open attachments in unsolicited email messages. Refer to Recognizing and Avoiding Email Scams for more information on avoiding email scams. Refer to Avoiding Social Engineering and Phishing Attacks for more information on social engineering attacks. CISA reminds organizations to perform proper impact analysis and risk assessment prior to deploying defensive measures. CISA also provides a section for control systems security recommended practices on the ICS webpage on cisa.gov/ics. Several CISA products detailing cyber defense best practices are available for reading and download, including Improving Industrial Control Systems Cybersecurity with Defense-in-Depth Strategies. CISA encourages organizations to implement recommended cybersecurity strategies for proactive defense of ICS assets. Additional mitigation guidance and recommended practices are publicly available on the ICS webpage at cisa.gov/ics in the technical information paper, ICS-TIP-12-146-01B--Targeted Cyber Intrusion Detection and Mitigation Strategies. Organizations observing suspected malicious activity should follow established internal procedures and report findings to CISA for tracking and correlation against other incidents. No known public exploitation specifically targeting this vulnerability has been reported to CISA at this time. This vulnerability is not exploitable remotely. 5. UPDATE HISTORY March 05, 2024: Initial Publication

Firm introduced a hybrid secure remote access solution that ensures protection while curbing operational costs.

Modern programmable logic controllers could be compromised in remote Stuxnet malware-like attacks with the use of novel IronSpider web-based malware developed by Georgia Institute of Technology researchers.

Organizations leveraging all on-premises iterations of JetBrains TeamCity servers have been urged to immediately apply fixes.